… be able to compare the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of different gases, a base unit of CO2 is said to have the GWP of 1. The chart below shows, for example, that each ton of methane will have 21 times the global warming impact over a hundred-year period as a ton of carbon dioxide. Even though total emissions of chlorofluorocarbons are quite small compared with emissions of carbon dioxide, their impact is significant since their global warming potential is so large. And even bigger than that, scientists recently identified a rare and previously unreported gas—trifluoromethyl sulfur pentafluoride (SF5CF3)—that is long-lived (an atmospheric residence of several hundred …

… also explain much of the very modest 0.2 degree C net warming since 1940. If increased atmospheric CO2 has produced nothing more than 0.1 degree or so of warming in the last 65 years, we may need to rethink the whole global warming issue.

Dennis T. Avery, is a senior fellow with the Hudson Institute in Washington, DC and the Director for Global Food Issues (www.cgfi.org). He was formerly a senior analyst for the Department of State. Dennis can be reached at: cgfi@hughes.net Opinion 2007 2006

… engineer, Mark Jacobson, showing a direct link between rising levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere and increased human mortality. He found that the added air pollution caused by each degree Celsius increase in temperature caused by CO2 leads to about 1,000 additional deaths in the U.S. and many more cases of respiratory illness and asthma. Jacobson estimates as many as 20,000 air-pollution related deaths may occur worldwide each year with each one degree Celsius increase.

“This is a cause and effect relationship, not just a correlation,” relates Jacobson. “The study was the first to specifically isolate CO2’s effect from that of …

… in additional atmospheric carbon dioxide that blankets the Earth and traps heat. The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased greatly over the last century and global temperatures are rising as a result. Though solutions are available now that will cut global warming emissions while creating jobs, saving consumers money, and protecting our national security, ExxonMobil has manufactured confusion around climate change science, and these actions have helped to forestall meaningful action that could minimize the impacts of future climate change.

“ExxonMobil needs to be held accountable for its cynical disinformation campaign on global warming,” said Meyer. “Consumers, …

… which causes about 36-70% of the greenhouse effect on Earth (not including clouds); carbon dioxide CO2, which causes 9-26%; methane, which causes 4-9%, and ozone, which causes 3-7%. It is not possible to state that a certain gas causes a certain percentage of the greenhouse effect, because the influences of the various gases are not additive. Other greenhouse gases include, but are not limited to, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and chlorofluorocarbons.

1. Global Warming Effect: More killer storms

2. Global Warming Effect: Massive crop failures

… be used without any adjustment to existing infrastructure or engine systems,

Presentation on Choren BtL plant from EBTP SPM2

The BioTfuel BtL demonstration project

BioTfueL is a joint project launched by five French partners and Uhde. BioTfueL aims to integrate all the stages of the BTL process chain and bring them to market. This involves the drying and crushing of the biomass, torrefaction, gasification, purification of the synthesis gas and its ultimate conversion to second generation biofuels using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

The project will use

… run on “environmentally friendly bio fuel” [3].

While bio fuels do significantly reduce CO2 emissions, it is the perception of what constitutes “environmentally friendly” which gives cause for concern. The layman might develop the misconception that these buses are a good idea because the fuel powering them is renewable, rather than because they reduce emissions. This fallacy leads to wondering why we shouldn’t obtain all our energy from these sources. On the scale needed, bio fuels would need massive intensive farming and large amounts of land, which itself has been shown to have an effect on climate change. Growing that much biomass, at great speed, would require the use of …

Why CO2 projections on Global Warming are false

It has been estimated by scientists that CO2 levels in the atmosphere must be limited to a maximum of 450ppm, which is widely considered to be the maximum CO2 concentration level required to avoid the worst effects of global warming. This entails limiting planetary temperature rise to 2 degrees Centigrade.

For reference purposes, …

… by the mid-century, leading to greenhouse gas (GHG) savings equivalent to 220 to 560 gigatons of CO2 between 2010 and 2050.

These GHG savings would help reach the goal recognized in the United Nations Climate Convention’s Cancun Agreements, of holding the increase in global temperature below two degrees Celsius.

Expected by many to be a defining study, the report is likely to influence government policy and business investment decisions over the next five years and beyond in the renewable energy sector, driving the Clean Revolution.

The stated objective of the

… for a 1000 years, and that this triggered a biospheric reaction leading to increased content of CO2.

Petit, JR et al. 1999. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature 399 pp. 429-436.

Monnin et al. 2001. Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations over the Last Glacial Termination. Science 291 pp. 112-114.

Blunier T and Brook EJ 2001. Timing of Millennial-Scale Climate Change in Antarctica and Greenland During the Last Glacial Period. Science 291 pp. 109-112.

Lets also assume that CO2 has this alleged positive feedback and sustained the warming rate (this, of course, also assumes that the initial …